Evolution of shoulder arthroplasty

In the more than century-long history of shoulder arthroplasty, scientists have gone from primitive ivory designs to high-tech implants made rare metal alloys. Along way, surgeons and inventors faced challenges, mistakes, succeeded. This literature review reflects trends in development evolutionary changes endoprosthesis principles surgical treatment pathology, late 19th century present. paper details stages formation major modern philosophies such as those Ch. Neer (anatomical prosthetics), P.M. Grammont (reversible J. Zippel (surface prosthetics). 70s 80s 20th components prostheses well their fitting techniques continued be improved a biomechanical point view. It was found that if head scapular component different radii curvature during shoulder-b lade mismatch is formed. A non-congruent joint (the radius smaller glenoid component) increases eccentric loads on scapula implant, risk implant fracture, reduces stability joint. However, allows reproduction natural gliding head. Restricting required glide stress at fixation site can lead loosening component. number studies shown 10 mm fractures component, while 5-7 considered optimal, it provides long-term survival best normal movements